WSWS :ªêŒFèœ & ÝŒ¾èœ:èíQ ªî£N™¸†ð‹

The Microsoft lawsuit: Appeals court ruling favours company

By Mike Ingram
6 July 2001

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ªè£ô‹Hò£ ñ£õ†ìˆ¶ ܪñK‚è «ñ™º¬øf†´ cFñ¡øñ£ù¶, ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† Þ¡ îQ ÝÀ¬ñ à¬ì‚èŠðì «õ‡´‹ â¡ø cFðF «î£ñv ªð¡d™† ü£‚êQ¡ [Thomas Penfield Jackson] b˜Š¬ð îœÀ𮠪ꌶœ÷¶. cFðFèœ, cFðF ü£‚êQ¡ ï숬î¬òŠðŸP è´¬ñò£è‚ °¬ø ÃPò¶ì¡ Þšõö‚A™ ÞQõ¼‹ Mê£ó¬íèO™ Üõ¬ó ÜèŸÁñ£Á‹ ÃP»œ÷ù˜.

¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ M¡«ì£v Þò‚°º¬ø»ì¡ [Windows operating system] Þ¡ì˜ªï† â‚v¹«÷£ó˜ ªõŠ Hó¾ê¬ó»‹ [Internet Explorer web browser] «ê˜ˆ¶ å¡P¬íŠðî¡ Íô‹ ê†ìM«ó£îñ£è ªêò™ð´Aø¶, ñŸÁ‹ Þ¶ îù¶ ãè«ð£èˆ¬î‚ 裊ðîŸè£ù õK¬ê‚Aóññ£ù ê†ìM«ó£î ïìõ®‚¬èJ¡ å¼ð°F â¡ø cFðF ü£‚êQ¡ b˜ŠH¬ù GÁˆF ¬õˆ¶œ÷¶. ªï†v«èŠ è‹ÎQ«èê¡ [Netscape Communications - AOL Time Warner -ÞŠªð£¿¶ ãæâ™ ¬ì‹ õ£˜ùK¡ ð°F], ÝŠHœ è‹‹HÎ†ì˜ [Apple Computer], Þ¡ªì™ [Intel] ñŸÁ‹ ê¡ ¬ñ‚«ó£ Cvì‹v [Sun Microsystems] «ð£¡ø 苪ðQèÀì¡ ¬õˆF¼‚°‹ Mò£ð£óˆ ªî£ì˜¹èO™ îù¶ ãè«ð£èˆ¬îŠ ð£¶è£‚è ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ ê†ìM«ó£î G¬ôè¬÷ â´ˆF¼‚Aø¶ â¡ø b˜ŠH¬ù»‹Ãì GÁˆF ¬õ‚èŠð†´œ÷¶.

¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ îù¶ ü£õ£ ¹«ó£Aó£Iƒ ªñ£NJ¡ [Java programming language] ðFŠ¬ðˆ îò£KŠðF™ ã¬ùò èíQèÀ‚° åšõ£î º¬øJ™ îò£KˆîF™ ê†ìM«ó£îñ£è ªêò™ð†´œ÷¶, Þî¡ Íô‹ î÷‹ è쉶 ¹«ó£Aó£Iƒ [Cross platform programming] Åö¬ô à‡´ð‡µîŸè£ù ê¡ ¬ñ‚«ó£ Cvì‹v GÁõùˆF¡ [Sun Micro systems] ºòŸCè¬÷‚ èM›ˆ¶œ÷¶ âù¾‹ cFðFèœ °Ÿø‹ê£†®»œ÷ù˜..

"ü£õ£ ÜHM¼ˆF‚ è¼Mèœ ªî£ì˜ð£ù ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõùˆF¡ ï숬î Þò‚°º¬øJ¡ àò˜î¡¬ñ¬ò«ò£ Ü™ô¶ Üî¬ù„ ªêŒîõ˜èÀ‚«è£ ܶ ªî£ì˜ð£è ÜP‰¶ªè£œ÷Ã캮ò£î õ¬èJ™ Üî¡ Þò‚°º¬ø¬ò ܬñˆF¼Šð ÞîÛì£è Üî¡ ãè«ð£èˆ¬îŠ ð£¶è£‚è «ê¬õ ªêŒ¶œ÷¶ì¡ ñŸÁ‹ Üîù£™ ꉬîJ™ «ð£†®‚° âFó£ù Þ¼‚A¡ø¶", âù cFñ¡ø‹ b˜ŠðOˆî¶. "Ý„êKòŠðì£õ¬èJ™, ÜHM¼ˆFò£÷˜è¬÷ ãñ£ŸÁõîŸè£ù Üî¡ Hó„ê£óˆFŸ° «ð£†® ꣘¹ M÷‚è‹ (pro-competitive explanation) âî¬ù»‹ ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ õöƒèM™¬ô" âù cFðFèœ «ñ½‹ «ê˜ˆîù˜ .

¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ Þ¬íò õ£ŒŠ¹ õöƒ°ðõ˜èœ (ISPs) àìù£ù CøŠ¹ åŠð‰îƒèœ ªû˜ñ£¡ ów† âF˜Š¹ ê†ìˆ¬î (Sherman Antitrust Act) eÁAø¶. ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† Hó¾ê¬ó Apple ðò¡ð´ˆ¶õîŸè£ù CøŠ¹ «ðóˆ¬î Þ™ô£¶ ªêŒòŠ«ð£õî£è Ü„²ÁˆF, Apple Þ¡ ðFŠ¬ð (Version) Microsoft Office àœ÷ì‚脪êŒî¶, â¡ø cFðF ü£‚êQ¡ b˜Š¹ì¡ cFñ¡ø‹ àì¡ð†ì¶.

¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõùˆFŸ°‹ Apple ‚°‹ Þ¬ìJô£ù CøŠ¹ «ðóƒèœ «ð£†® Hó¾ê˜èÀ‚° õöƒ°õî¡ e¶ èEêñ£ù ð£FŠ¹‚è¬÷‚ ªè£‡®¼‚Aø¶" âù cFñ¡ø‹ ÃPò¶.

ÞÁFò£è, 11 ݇´èÀ‚° º¡ù˜ ܉ GÁõù‹ ªî£ìƒèŠð†ìî¡ H¡ù˜ Þ¼‰¶ 苪ðQ ªî£ì˜ð£ù¬õ G¬øò«õ ñ£P àœ÷ù. ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† ªî£ì˜ð£ù «ðêŠðì£î Ü‹ê‹ ªìv‚ªó£Š èEQ (Desktop computers) ꉬîJ™ îù¶ ãè«ð£èˆ¬îŠ ð£¶è£‚è, ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõùñ£ù¶ üŠð£Q½‹ ä«ó£Šð£M½‹ ܪñK‚è «ð£†®ò£÷˜èÀ‚° õNFø‰¶M´‹ ¹¶º¬ø è£í½‚° Þ싪ðò˜‰î¶ â¡ø AO‡ì¡ ÜóꣃèˆF¡ ï‹H‚¬è Ý°‹.

ªî£N™ ¸†ðñ£ù¶ ªìv‚ªó£ŠHL¼‰¶ â‡íŸø ï輋 ê£îùƒèÀ‚° ñ£Ÿø‹ ªêŒòŠð†ìHø°, ܶ ¹¶ º¬ø è£í¬ô»‹ ªïA›¾ˆ ñ¬ò»‹ «õ‡® GŸ°‹ªð£¿¶, ¶™Lòñ£è Þ‰î‚ è†ìˆF™ ¶‡ì£ì™ ݬí õöƒèŠð†ì¶ ºŸP½‹ ªð£¼‰î£î‹. ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† Þ‰î ñ£Ÿøƒè¬÷ ¹K‰¶ªè£œ÷ˆ îõPò¶ ñŸÁ‹ Þ¬íò‹ [Internet] ðó‰î ªî£ì˜¹ê£îùñ£è «î£¡Pò ܉GÁõùˆF¡ è£ô‰î£›ˆFò HóFðLŠ¹ â¡ðù ªðK¶‹ èõQ‚èŠðìˆî‚è¬õ Ý°‹.

cFðF ü£‚êQ¡ b˜ŠHŸ°Š H¡ùó£ù è£ôè†ìˆF™, ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† Üîù¶ Í«ô£ð£òˆ¬î «ïó®ò£è Þ¬íòˆ¬î [Internet] «ï£‚A ñ£ŸP‚ ªè£‡ì¶. Üî¬ìò ªï† Í«ô£ð£ò‹ â¡Á ܬö‚èŠð´õ¶ ܉GÁõùˆ¬î ð£ó‹ðKòñ£Œ ªìv‚죊H™ îƒAJ¼‰î G¬ôJ™ Þ¼‰¶ ÜèŸP, ÜFèKˆ¶ õ¼‹ «ð£†®I‚è Þ¬íò «ê¬õò£÷˜èO¡ ꉬœ ¸¬öˆF¼‚Aø¶. ¹Fò Í«ô£ð£òˆFŸ° ¬ñòñ£è Þ¼Šð¶ ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† «õ˜† [Microsoft Word] â‹ ªê£™ô£÷˜ [word processors] ñŸÁ‹ ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† Ýdv [Microsoft Office ] ð°FJ¡ ã¬ùòð°Fèœ «ð£¡ø õ˜ˆîèŠ ðò¡ð£†´‚ 輈¶¼‚èœ ªî£¬ôML¼‰¶ 膴Šð´ˆ¶‹ «ê˜õ˜è÷£½‹ [Remote servers] ÜF«õè õ¬ôŠH¡ù™èO™ ܬìò‚îòî£è¾‹ Þ¼‚A¡øù â¡ð«î Ý°‹. Þî¡ º‚Aò ê£îèñ£ùñ ïè¼A¡ø ªî£Nô£÷˜èœ Üõ˜èœ ⃪è™ô£‹ Þ¼‚Aø£˜è«÷£ ܃ªè™ô£‹ å«ó «õ¬ô„ Åö¬ôŠªðø º®»‹. ÜóCò™ vî£ðùŠ ð°FèÀ‚°œ«÷ò£ù ªñ¡¬ñò£ù ܵ°º¬øò£ù¶, ܇¬ñò Í«ô£ð£ò ñ£Ÿøƒèœ áì£è ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š† GÁõù‹ (Üî¡ Íô‹ ܪñK‚è ä‚Aò èœ) Ü´ˆî ªî£N™ ¸†ðŠ ¹ó†C ܬô‚° õN ܬñ‚°‹ â¡ø ï‹H‚¬è»ì¡ ï¡ø£èŠ H¬í‚èŠð†´œ÷¶.âšõ£ø£J‹ ¹w G˜õ£èˆF¡ ð°FJ™ Þ¼‰¶ â´‚èŠð´‹ º®¾ ܶ õö‚¬è å«óò®ò£è ¬èM´õî£è Þ¼‰î£½‹ êK Ü™ô¶ ¶‡ì£ì™ õ¬èJô£ù b˜¾‚° õ‰î£½‹ êK, ܬõ Hó„C¬ùè¬÷ ÜFèKˆ¶¬õ‚°‹. ܈î¬èò â‰îMî b˜¾‚°‹ ÜóꣃèˆF¡ êè õö‚°ˆªî£´ù˜èOìI¼‰¶‹ -- Üî£õ¶ 19 ñ£Gôƒèœ ñŸÁ‹ ªè£ô‹Hò£ ñ£õ†ìˆF¡ õö‚°ˆªî£´ù˜èOùK¡ àì¡ð£´ «î¬õŠð´‹, ÜõŸÁœ Þó‡´, cFðF ü£‚êù£™ õöƒèŠð†ì ¶‡ì£ì™ º¡ªñ£N¾‚° âF˜Š¹ ªîKMˆF¼‰F¼‚A¡øù.

¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š†, Üóꣃèˆî£™ ¹ø‚èE‚èˆîè£î ªêŒFò£AM†ì¶ ðŸP»‹ Ü®Šð¬ì ï‹H‚¬è M«ó£î Mê£ó¬íè¬÷ˆ ɇ®M´‹ Ü«î ê†ì ܈¶ eø™è¬÷ˆ F¼‹ð„ ªêŒAø¶ â¡ð¶ ðŸP»‹ ñ£Gô Üó²èœ èõ¬ô¬ò ªõOŠð´ˆF»œ÷ù. ¬ñ‚«ó£ªê£Š†®¡ ¹Fò Þò‚° º¬øè÷£ù M‡«ì£v XP, â‚v¹«÷£ó˜ Hó¾ê¬ó ñ†´‹ Ü™ô£ñ™ àìù®îèõ™ õöƒè¬ô»‹ [Instant messaging] M‡«ì£v e®ò£ H«÷ò¬ó»‹ [Windows Media Player] àœ÷ì‚A Þ¼‚Aø¶.